扑克是一款完美地融合了技巧、策略和机会的游戏。区分新手玩家和经验丰富的专业人士的关键因素之一是对扑克赔率的深入理解。计算您在任何给定手牌中获胜的机会都可以提供比对手更大的优势，使您能够做出更明智的决定。
This article will explore the fundamentals of poker odds, how to calculate them, and how to use them to your advantage at the table. While understanding the numbers is key, knowing the 扑克礼仪的不成文规则 is equally important in becoming a respected player.
Poker odds are essential for making informed decisions in the game, representing the likelihood of certain outcomes and guiding players on whether to call, raise, or fold. At their core, poker odds help you understand the probability of completing a specific hand or winning a pot. These odds can be expressed as ratios or percentages, which indicate how often a particular event will occur. For instance, if you have a four-card flush draw, knowing that you have nine outs (the remaining cards of that suit in the deck) to complete your flush helps you calculate the chances of hitting your hand by the river. Using simple calculations, such as the “Rule of 2 and 4″—multiplying your outs by 2 to estimate the percentage chance of hitting on the next card, or by 4 to estimate hitting by the river—can quickly provide you with a rough probability. Understanding these basics allows you to compare your hand odds with pot odds, helping you decide whether pursuing a hand is profitable in the long run. Mastering these fundamental concepts is crucial for developing a solid poker strategy and enhancing your overall gameplay.
计算手牌赔率
手牌赔率是指在河边做出特定手牌的概率（最终的公共牌）。要计算手牌赔率，您需要知道您拥有的出局数。补牌是看不见的牌，可以完成你的手牌。例如，如果您在转牌时有四张同花牌（四张相同花色的牌），则您有九张补牌（该花色的剩余牌）来完成您在河牌上的同花。
To convert the number of outs into odds, you can use a simple rule of thumb known as the “Rule of 2 and 4.” Multiply the number of outs by 2 to get the approximate percentage chance of hitting your hand on the next card (the turn or river) or by 4 to get the percentage chance of hitting your hand by the river if you’re on the flop. For instance, with nine outs on the turn, you have approximately an 18% chance (9 outs x 2) to hit your flush on the river.
底池赔率和期望值
底池赔率是当前底池大小与预期看涨成本的比率。将底池赔率与手牌赔率进行比较有助于确定看涨期权是否有利可图。如果底池赔率高于手牌赔率，则跟注通常是一个有利可图的决定。例如，如果底池是 100 美元，而您的对手下注 25 美元，则底池赔率为 4：1（100 美元+25 美元至 25 美元）。如果您完成抽牌的几率高于 4：1，您应该跟注。
期望值 （EV） 通过考虑游戏的长期盈利能力更进一步。正 EV 表示有利可图，而负 EV 表示亏损。要计算 EV，您需要同时考虑底池赔率和获胜概率。如果您获胜的机会大于底池赔率所暗示的，则该游戏具有正 EV。
隐含赔率
Implied odds take into account not only the current pot size but also the potential future bets you can win if you hit your hand. This concept is particularly useful when drawing to strong hands that are likely to get paid off if completed, such as a flush or straight. For instance, if you believe you can win an additional $50 from your opponent if you hit your draw, you can include this in your calculations to justify a call even if the immediate pot odds don’t support it.
利用扑克赔率来发挥您的优势
了解和应用扑克赔率可以极大地增强您在牌桌上的决策过程。以下是有效使用扑克赔率的一些技巧：
- Practice Calculations：熟悉计算手牌赔率、底池赔率和隐含赔率。你练习得越多，你就能在比赛中更快、更准确地做到这一点。
- Stay Disciplined：使用赔率来指导您的决定，但要保持纪律。不要在没有合适赔率的情况下追逐远射平局，因为这会很快耗尽您的资金。
- Combine with Other Factors：虽然赔率至关重要，但应与对手的倾向、牌桌位置和游戏动态等其他因素相结合，以做出最佳决策。
- Use Software Tools：有各种软件工具和应用程序可以帮助您计算赔率并跟踪您的比赛。这些工具对于学习和改进您的游戏非常宝贵。
- Continual Learning：扑克是一种不断学习和适应的游戏。随时了解新的策略、理论和赔率计算，以保持您的优势。
Just like odds influence strategy, learning how to bounce back after a tough session is crucial. Explore our 扑克卷土重来和韧性指南 to keep your mindset sharp.
将赔率与游戏动态相结合
Combining poker odds with game dynamics elevates your decision-making process, allowing you to make more nuanced and strategic plays. While poker odds provide a mathematical framework for evaluating the likelihood of various outcomes, game dynamics add critical context, including factors such as table position, player tendencies, stack sizes, and the overall flow of the game. For instance, your position at the table influences the strength of your hand and the pot odds you should accept; being in a late position allows you to make more informed decisions based on the actions of other players. Understanding your opponents’ behaviors, such as identifying who bluffs frequently or who plays conservatively, helps tailor your strategy beyond pure mathematics. Stack sizes also dictate your approach, as deeper stacks allow for more complex implied odds considerations, while shorter stacks require straightforward, immediate calculations. Lastly, the overall aggressiveness or passivity of the table affects how you leverage your odds. By integrating poker odds with these dynamic elements, you can craft a more adaptable and effective strategy, leading to better long-term success at the table.
高级扑克赔率策略
对于那些希望提升扑克游戏水平的人来说，掌握高级扑克赔率策略至关重要。这些策略超越了基本计算，并结合了对游戏复杂性的更深入理解，使玩家能够做出更复杂、更有利可图的决策。
权益计算
One of the key components of advanced poker odds strategies is equity calculations. Equity represents your share of the pot based on your current hand and the range of hands your opponents might have. To calculate equity, consider all possible outcomes and the probability of each. Tools like PokerStove or advanced poker software can assist in these calculations by simulating numerous hand scenarios to determine your equity against specific opponent ranges. Understanding equity helps you make more informed decisions about betting, calling, or folding in various situations.
范围分析
范围分析涉及根据对手的行为和倾向估计他们的手牌范围。这种策略需要深入了解你的对手，并能够随着手牌的进展缩小他们可能的手牌范围。通过将您的手牌净值与对手的范围进行比较，您可以做出更精确的决定。这涉及在出现新信息（例如翻牌、转牌和河牌）时不断更新您的范围评估。
弃牌权益
弃牌权益是您的对手弃牌下注或加注的可能性。在您可能没有最好的牌，但仍可以通过迫使对手弃牌来赢得底池的情况下，这个概念至关重要。为了有效地使用弃牌权益，您需要了解对手的倾向和投注模式的强度。计算弃牌净值涉及考虑底池大小、赌注大小以及对手在当前情况下弃牌的可能性。
隐含赔率和反向隐含赔率
虽然基本的隐含赔率考虑了如果您中牌后可以赢得的未来投注，但高级策略还考虑了反向隐含赔率。反向隐含赔率评估如果您中了听牌但最终还是第二好的牌，未来可能造成的损失。这在深筹码游戏中尤为重要，因为输掉一个大底池可能是毁灭性的。通过权衡隐含赔率和反向隐含赔率，您可以更好地判断平局是否真正有利可图。
多街道规划
Advanced players plan their hands over multiple streets, considering how their actions on one street will affect future betting rounds. This involves thinking ahead about how the hand will play out, what bets to make, and how to adjust to various outcomes. Multi-street planning requires a strong understanding of hand ranges, equity shifts with each new card, and your overall strategy. This approach allows you to build a coherent story with your bets, making your bluffs more credible and your value bets more profitable.
剥削性与 GTO（博弈论最佳）游戏
平衡剥削性游戏与博弈论最优 （GTO） 策略是另一个高级概念。剥削性游戏涉及调整你的策略以利用对手的特定弱点，而 GTO 游戏旨在通过平衡你的范围和行动来使你的策略无法被利用。高级玩家根据对手和游戏动态在这些方法之间切换，寻求在不可预测的情况下最大化自己的优势。
掌握扑克赔率是成为一名成功的扑克玩家的一个基本方面。通过了解如何计算获胜机会并有效应用这些知识，您可以在桌面上做出更明智、更有利可图的决策。请记住，扑克不仅仅是打牌，还打赔率和对手。通过练习和纪律，您可以使用扑克赔率来获得显着优势并将您的游戏提升到新的高度。
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